Infectious disease are caused by bacteria, fungi, virus and other pathogenic organism.That can be spread by person to person directly or indirectly. Infectious diseases are one of the leading causes of death worldwide,

There are so many infectious disease. Some very common and life threatening disease are following:-

• HIV
• Sepsis
• Methicillin resistant/ susceptable Staphylococcus aureus Condition

Human Immunodeficiency Virus

HIV virus directly attacks on the immune system.  The virus destroys a type of white blood cell in the immune system called a T-helper cell. HIV destroys more CD4 cells also known as T-helper cell and makes more copies of itself, it gradually breaks down a person’s immune system.

HIV infection can cause AIDS. However, it is possible to be infected with HIV without developing AIDS. Without treatment, the HIV infection can progress and, eventually, it will develop into AIDS.

Diagnosis of HIV

Blood tests and results

Diagnosis is made through a blood test that screens specifically for the virus. If the HIV virus has been found, the test result is “positive.” The blood is re-tested several times before a positive result is given to the patient.

Blood tests and results

After infection with HIV, it can take from 3 weeks to 6 months for the virus to show up in testing. Re-testing may be necessary. If the moment a patient was most at risk of infection was within the last 6 months, they can have the test immediately. However, the provider will urge that another test be carried out within a few weeks.

Sepsis

Sepsis is a life-threatening condition of an infection. Sepsis occurs when chemicals released into the bloodstream to fight the infection trigger inflammatory responses throughout the body.

There are three stages of sepsis: sepsis, severe sepsis, and septic shock.

Sepsis can happen while you’re still in the hospital recovering from a procedure, but this isn’t always the case. It’s important to seek immediate medical attention.

Severe sepsis

Severe sepsis occurs when there’s organ failure.

Septic shock

Symptoms of septic shock include the symptoms of severe sepsis, plus a very low blood pressure.

Anyone can get sepsis, but the risk is higher in

• People with weakened immune systems
• Infants and children
• The elderly
• People with chronic illnesses, such as diabetes, AIDS, cancer, and kidney or liver disease
• People suffering from a severe burn or physical trauma

Bacterial sepsis

Bacterial sepsis refers to symptomatic bacteremia, with or without organ dysfunction.

The term septicemia refers to the active multiplication of bacteria in the bloodstream that results in an overwhelming infection.

Urosepsis

Urosepsis is sepsis that complicates a urinary tract infection.

Methicillin resistant/ susceptable Staphylococcus aureus Condition

Staphylococcus aureus, a mainly acquired hospital infection is responsible for many suppurative lesions and has demonstrated the ability of developing resistance to many antimicrobial agents leading to life threatening infections and long hospital stay.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a bacterium that causes infections in different parts of the body. MRSA can cause severe problems such as bloodstream infections, pneumonia and surgical site infections.  It’s tougher to treat than most strains of staphylococcus aureus — or staph — because it’s resistant to some commonly used antibiotics.

Methicillin-susceptable Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

The bacteria that can be treated by methicillin class antibiotics are Methicillin- susceptable Staphylococcus (MSSA).

 

 

 

 

SEE ALSO

• HOW DO CODE HIV ?
• HOW DO CODE SEPSIS , SEVERE SEPSIS AND SEPTIC SHOCK ?